Learn › Unit 1: The board and pieces

The board and setup

Shogi is played on a board of nine files and nine ranks. Each side has twenty pieces: a king, a rook, a bishop, two golds, two silvers, two knights, two lances and nine pawns.

The pieces are all the same colour. What tells you whose piece it is is the direction its point faces: your pieces point up the board, away from you, and your opponent's point down, towards you.

Who moves first

The player who moves first is sente 先手; the other is gote 後手. On this board Sente's army starts on ranks 1–3 at the bottom, and Gote's on ranks 7–9 at the top.

The starting position, seen from Sente's side. Sente moves first.ihgfedcba987654321
The starting position, seen from Sente's side. Sente moves first.

Along the bottom row, from the outside in, are the lance, knight, silver and gold, with the king in the middle. The second row holds just the bishop (on the left, h2) and the rook (on the right, b2). The third row is nine pawns.

Naming squares

On this site the files are lettered a to i and the ranks numbered 1 to 9, exactly as printed along the edges of every board — so the square in the middle is e5, and Sente's king starts on e1. A move is written from-square then to-square: g3g4 moves the pawn on g3 up to g4.

Your first move

Try it: Push the pawn on g3 up one square — the most popular first move in shogi. It opens the bishop's diagonal.

Sente: lance a1, knight b1, silver c1, gold d1, king e1, gold f1, silver g1, knight h1, lance i1, rook b2, bishop h2, pawn a3, pawn b3, pawn c3, pawn d3, pawn e3, pawn f3, pawn g3, pawn h3, pawn i3. Gote: pawn a7, pawn b7, pawn c7, pawn d7, pawn e7, pawn f7, pawn g7, pawn h7, pawn i7, bishop b8, rook h8, lance a9, knight b9, silver c9, gold d9, king e9, gold f9, silver g9, knight h9, lance i9.ihgfedcba987654321

Finish the exercise above to complete this lesson.